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Under the New York Stock Exchange’s (“NYSE”)
listing standards, foreign private issuers must disclose any
significant ways in which their corporate governance practices
differ from those followed by US domestic companies under the NYSE
listing standards. ING Groep N.V. (“ING Group”) believes the
following to be the significant differences between its corporate
governance practices and NYSE corporate governance rules applicable
to US companies:
- ING Group has a two-tiered
board structure, in
contrast to the one-tier board structure used by most US companies. In the Netherlands, a
Naamloze Vennootschap (public limited liability company) has an
Executive Board as its management body and a Supervisory Board
which advises and supervises the Executive Board. In general,
Executive Board members are employees of the company while members
of the Supervisory Board are often former state or business
leaders and sometimes former members of the
Executive Board. Members of the Executive
Board and other officers and employees cannot simultaneously act as
member of the Supervisory Board. The Supervisory Board must approve
specified decisions of the Executive Board. Under the Dutch
corporate governance code of December 9, 2003 (the “Tabaksblat
Code”), all members of the Supervisory Board with the exception of
not more than one person, must be independent. The present members
of ING Group’s Supervisory Board are all independent within the
meaning of the Tabaksblat Code. The definitions of independence
under the Tabaksblat Code however, differ in their details from the
definitions of independence under the NYSE
listing standards. In some cases the Dutch requirements are stricter
and in other cases the NYSE listing standards are the stricter of
the two. The Audit Committee, Corporate
Governance Committee and Remuneration and Nomination Committee of
ING Group are comprised of members of the Supervisory
Board.
- In contrast to the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Tabaksblat Code contains a
“comply-or-explain” principle, offering the possibility to deviate
from the Tabaksblat Code as long as any such deviations are
explained.
- Dutch law requires that the external auditors be
appointed at the General Meetings of Shareholders and not by the
Audit Committee.
- The ING Group’s Articles of Association
provide that there are no quorum requirements to hold a General
Meeting of Shareholders, although certain shareholder actions may
require a quorum.
- The shareholder approval
requirements with respect to equity compensation plans under Dutch
Law and the Tabaksblat Code differ from those applicable to US
companies which are subject to the NYSE’s listing standards. Under
Dutch Company Law and the Tabaksblat Code shareholder approval is
only required for equity compensation plans (or changes thereto)
for members of the Executive Board and Supervisory Board, and not
for equity compensation plans for other groups of employees.
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